Articles and Reports (PDF)

                                                                                                                                                             

Blum, R.W., McNeely, C.A., & Rinehart, P.M. (2002). Improving the odds: The untapped power of schools to improve the health of teens. Center for Adolescent Health and Development. Journal of School Health, 72(4).

California Association of School Psychologists. (2003). The California School Psycholgist: , 8.

Catalano, R.F., Haggerty, K.P., Oesterle, S., Fleming, C.B., & Hawkins, J.D. (2004). The importance of bonding to school for healthy development: Findings from the social development research group. The Journal of School Health, 74(7):252. 

Juvonen, J., Le, V., Kaganoff, T., Augustine, C., & Constant, L. (2004). Focus on the wonder years: Challenges facing the American middle school. Santa Monica: Rand Corporation.

 King, K.A., Vidourek, R.A., Davis, B., McClellan, W. (2002). Increasing self-esteem and school connectedness through a multidimensional mentoring program. The Journal of School Health, 72(7): 294. 

Klem, A.M. & Connell, J.P. (2004). Relationships matter: Linking teacher support to student engagement and achievement. The Journal of School Health, 74(7):262. 

Learning First Alliance (2001). Every child learning: Safe and supportive schools.    

Libbey, H.P. (2004). “Measuring student relationships to school: Attachment, bonding and connectedness. The Journal of School Health, 74(7):274. 

McCombs, B. (2001). What do we know about learners and learning? The learning-centered framework: Bringing the educational system into balance. Educational Horizons. 

McNeely, C. & Falci, C. (2004). School connectedness and the transition into and out of heath-risk behavior among adolescents: A comparison of social belonging and teacher support. The Journal of School Health, 74(7). 

What Kids Can Do. (2003). First ask, the listen: How to get your students to help you teach them better: A teacher’s guide.

Whitlock. J. (2003). Places to be and places to belong. Act For Youth Upstate Center of Excellence, Cornell University. 

Whitlock, J. (2003). Fostering school connectedness. Research Facts and Findings, Act for Youth Upstate Center of Excellence, Cornell University. 

Wilson, Dorian. (2004). The interface of school climate and school connectedness and relationships with aggression and victimization. The Journal of School Health, 74(7):293. 

Wingspread Declaration: A national strategy for improving school connectedness. (2003).

Related Websites

The Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning

The Institute for Research and Reform in Education 

The Resourceful Adolescent Program (RAP) 

The Search Institute

U.S. Department of Education School Connectedness Page       

Further Reading

Akos, P. & Galassi, J.P. (2004). Gender and race as variables in psychosocial adjustment to middle and high school. Journal of Educational Research, 98(2): 102-108.

Battistich, V., & Schaps, E. et al. (2004). Effects of an elementary school intervention on students’ connectedness to school and social adjustment during middle school. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 24(3): 243-262.

Blum, R.W. (2005). A case for school connectedness. The Adolescent Learner, 62(7) 16-20.

Karcher, M.J. & Finn, L. (2005). How connectedness contributes to experimental smoking among rural youth: Developmental and ecological analyses. Journal of Primary Prevention, 26(1): 25-36.

O’Farrell, S.L. & Morrison, G. (2003). A factor analysis exploring school bonding and related constructs among upper elementary students. California School Psychologist, 8: 53-72.

Thomas, S. & Smith, H. (2004). School connectedness, anger behaviors and relationships of violent and nonviolent American youth. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 40(4): 135-148.